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What is La Niña?

A periodic cooling of sea surface temperatures in the central and eastern Pacific Ocean, often leading to altered global weather patterns such as reduced rainfall in some areas and increased rainfall in others.

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Glossary

An elongated area of relatively low atmospheric pressure, often associated with unsettled weather conditions like storms...

A polar vortex is a circulating mass of air in the atmosphere, typically found in polar regions. This rotating air mass occurs...

The process by which a solid changes directly into a gas without first becoming a liquid, such as ice turning into water...

Convection is the vertical movement of air caused by temperature differences, where warm air rises and cool air sinks. It...

The jet stream forming the boundary between tropical air and sub-tropical air, characterized by isothermal compression and...

Precipitation in the form of small balls or lumps of ice that form in thunderstorm updrafts and fall to the ground.

The heating of the Earth by the sun causes daily changes in both the direction and speed of the wind. During the day, ground...

Conduction is the transfer of heat or electricity through a material without the material itself moving. This occurs when...

Indicates the amount of water the soil can absorb/retain through percolation. This capacity is around 7% in sandy soil and...

Jet streams are strong, fast-flowing air currents in the upper levels of the atmosphere. They form when warm air masses meet...